Global incidence of surgical site infection among patients systematic review and meta analysis. pdf Available via license: CC BY-NC 4.

Nov 7, 2023 · The prevalence of SSIs remains high and varies widely among regions. 8% (95% CI: 15,5-16,2%) with significant heterogeneity according to the specialty and the method of monitoring. 7%]), while studies conducted between 1996 and 2004 had the highest (3. Despite the increasing number of appendectomies done Aug 13, 2019 · Approximately 77%. Based on the timing of the surgical operation, we divided the literature into two groups: Early surgery and delayed surgery. This supportive modality is associated with nosocomial infections (NIs). Results: The search initially provided 2262 hits, 1913 studies were screened by two independent investigators. coli among patients with orthopedic surgical site infections. 14043. The research findings will contribute to the development of effective control programs by managers and policymakers of the health sector to reduce the financial costs of HAIs and save financial resources. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. 9–14. The aim of this study was to provide a pooled incidence of Oct 30, 2014 · Gao, X. Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland: a systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 90 studies provided estimates for the association between diabetes and SSI, including 2 studies that provided. 8% in Sub-Saharan Africa . 9 11 However, other valid variations Jun 29, 2016 · Only 9 countries out of 45 have contributed, with a huge amount of information coming from Nigeria (5 articles out of 11). Methods The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Surgical Site Infection Prevention: A Review. Oct 27, 2015 · Abstract and Figures. 2020; 44:1412–1424. This study aimed to determine the global incidence of UTI among patients. In Ethiopia, prevalence and pathogens of surgical site infection (SSI) reported are variable. Jan 1, 2020 · Meta-analysis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and risk factors in patients after knee surgery. 5% [ 59 ] and 5. Studies of less than 50 participants were excluded. World J Surg. Thirty-four eligible articles with 66 066 patients were The primary outcome was the incidence of deep SSI. AORN J. The definition of SSI varies with the postoperative Aug 22, 2023 · The present systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and related factors in patients after foot and ankle surgery. METHODS A systematic search of both randomized (RCTs) and nonrandomized (non-RCT) studies was performed o … OBJECTIVE To analyze available evidence on the effectiveness of triclosan-coated sutures (TCSs) in reducing the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). May 18, 2020 · Background Despite being a preventable complication of surgical procedures, surgical site infections (SSIs) continue to threaten public health with significant impacts on the patients and the health-care human and financial resources. The pooled incidence of UTI among patients in the e incidence of SSI and identify associated factors in adult general surgical patients. Dec 18, 2013 · ImportanceSurgical site infection (SSI) complicates 2-5% of surgeries in the United States. Feb 21, 2020 · Surgical site infection is a common complication in patients who underwent surgery. 2% [95% CI: 1. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases up to 2022. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a health-threatening complication following caesarean section (CS); however, to the authors' knowledge, there is no worldwide estimate of the burden of post-CS SSIs. 4% [95% CI: 0. Subgroup analysis in our study revealed that the incidence of surgical site infection in appendectomy patients was 7. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the relationship between various factors and SSI, resolving existing controversies. Recent Findings Care bundles have been used in nearly all surgical specialties. 17 The variation may be attributed to the study Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with SSIs in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery through a systematic review and meta-analysis. 7) per 100 cases (21). 2) . May 20, 2020 · Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects nearly one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. Apr 25, 2023 · The study found the global pooled incidence of UTI accounted for 1. 1%. Subgroup analysis revealed that the incidence of superficial SSI was 1. Among healthcare-associated infections, surgical site infection is one of the most commonly reported infections. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as Persian electronic It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the worldwide incidence of SSI and identify associated factors in adult general surgical patients. 64 to 0. provide a pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients on a regional and global scale. Result: From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. @article{FaridMojtahedi2023GlobalIO, title={Global Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Incidence and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection After Cranial Surgery for Patients with Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis World Neurosurg . 133. 019 Corpus ID: 259146446; Global Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. This study was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines developed for systematic review and meta-analysis. Jan 11, 2017 · Surgical site infection (SSI) is a term coined by ‘The Surgical Wound Infection Task Force’ in 1992. DESIGN Systematic review and meta Dec 28, 2023 · Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication following gastrointestinal surgery, contributing to prolonged hospital stays, increased costs, reduced patient quality of life, and higher mortality rates. involving organs or spaces accessed during the Introduction Caesarean section (CS) rates have increased globally during the past three decades. 0%) was found in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis among the different indications. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used to perform this systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023. Secondary outcomes included persistent deep SSI following initial debridement, mean number of debridements, and microbiology. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the incidence and risk factors of NIs in adult. The burden of clinically infected wounds, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and surgical site infections (SSI) in these regions is substantial. 5(95% CI 3. The objective is to augment the capability of cardiothoracic surgeons in the clinical setting for early recognition and intervention in high-risk populations, thus alleviating Feb 21, 2020 · A meta-analysis was performed to analyse prevalence and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of E. 9 10 There are precise criteria to define SSI and endometritis for surveillance purposes. 0 per 100 surgical procedures for appendectomy, varying from 0 to 37. Mar 25, 2023 · The current study found that the global pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients was 2. The high incidence of Oct 28, 2019 · Background Surgical site infection is a common complication in women undergoing Caesarean section and the second most common cause of maternal mortality in obstetrics. Finally, 15 studies were identified to be relevant for this meta-analysis. 5%, 6. Based on the subgroup analysis by survey period and WHO region, the highest incidence of UTI was reported in the African Dec 28, 2023 · Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication following gastrointestinal surgery, contributing to prolonged hospital stays, increased costs, reduced patient quality of life, and higher mortality rates. There are fragmented and pocket studies which reported the prevalence of SSI among mothers who experienced for cesarean section and its risk Jun 10, 2023 · Meta-analysis SUMMARY Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a health-threatening complication following caesarean section (CS); however, to the authors’ knowledge, there is no worldwide esti-mate of the burden of post-CS SSIs. The pooled SSI incidence was 3. 08–0. 20 (95% CI, 0. Participants Appendectomy patients. 71 (95% confidence interval: 0. In low- and middle-income Mar 25, 2023 · The current study found that the global pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients was 2. et al. to the infection and majority resulted from serious infections. The current study found a lower pooled incidence of SSI compared to another meta-analysis that reported a 7. Jan 1, 2023 · This study revealed that the overall pooled incidence of surgical site infection was 2. infections was 0. 17 The variation may be attributed to the study This study assesses the effectiveness of care bundles to reduce SSI among patients undergoing colorectal surgery. 2024. Upon conducting a thoroug … Effect of Suture Length on the Incidence of Incisional Hernia and Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Midline Laparotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Oct 13, 2021 · Establishing worldwide incidence of general surgical site infections (SSI) is imperative to understand the extent of the condition to assist decision-makers to improve the planning and delivery of surgical care. 5% (95% CI: 1. 106136 Corpus ID: 239010615; Worldwide incidence of surgical site infections in general surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles were searched from April 4 to August 5, 2022, from electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science Jan 27, 2023 · This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to analyze the prevalence of HAIs globally. death of surgical patients with SSI is reported to be related. The pooled incidence of UTI among patients was determined using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3. 5% to 3% of patients undergoing surgery will experience infection at or adjacent to the surgical incision site. Due to the significant heterogeneity across the included studies, a sub-group analysis based on study region, study design, publication year, and sample size was taken into consideration to identify a possible source of heterogeneity. 8% in 2022. Subsequent meta-analysis combined outcomes for surgical-site infection using a random-effects model and quantified heterogeneity using the χ2 test and the I2 statistic. BMC Infect Dis 11, 88 (2011). , [5] published in Spine in Oct 13, 2021 · DOI: 10. Data sources EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science Healthcare-associated infections pose one of the most severe threats to patients’ health and remain a major challenge for healthcare providers globally. Nearly 23% of patients after PD had SSIs. 3,631 abstracts identified through PubMed and EMBASE searches of “risk factors”, “diabetes” or “glucose” AND “surgical site infections” from 12/1985 to 7/2015. 9 The functional definition is the infection, which targets the surgical wound and the uterus when manipulated. This systematic review and Meta-Analysis was intended to provide evidence on the global prevalence of preoperative anxiety and its determents among surgical patients. Global Nov 7, 2023 · This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of multiple risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). 0 (95% CI 6. }, author={Gillespie Brigid M and Harbeck Emma and Rattray Megan and May 26, 2020 · We identified 83 relevant RCTs, of which 52 RCTs with 19 273 participants were included in the primary meta-analysis. This systematic review reports the extent of AMR from sampling of these infections in Feb 18, 2020 · This first systematic review and meta-analysis of data on 729 434 appendectomies in 226 studies from 49 countries found an overall incidence of SSI of 7. Meta-regression analysis was used to Dec 13, 2022 · Methods: This systematic review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, with online searches conducted in the CINHAL, Cochrane Central, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Livivo, and Web of Science databases. Jan 1, 2000 · Background Although surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most studied healthcare-associated infections, the global burden of SSI after appendectomy remains unknown. Incidence of surgical site infection following caesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol Khalid B M Saeed,1 Richard A Greene,2,3 Paul Corcoran,3 Sinéad M O’Neill4 To cite: Saeed KBM, Greene RA, Corcoran P, et al. Surgical site infection estimates varied among the WHO regions of the world and were high in the African region, accounting for 7. 2 Reported SSI incidence rates after gastric surgery vary due to differences in surgical methods, demographic characteristics, and . A comprehensive, systematic search was conducted in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubM … May 21, 2024 · Comparing the results of this meta-analysis with other meta-analyses, the results of this meta-analysis are comparable with the results of the meta-analysis of the global incidence of surgical site infections following caesarean section which reported a global prevalence of 5. Materials and methods A systematic review was undertaken using MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Elsevier) and the Cochrane Library to identify cross-sectional, cohort and observational studies reporting SSI incidence or prevalence. 6% of pooled incidence of SSI. 4 to 7. 1007/s00268-020-05384-7. ijsu. 7%]). 4% in Algeria [ 60 ]. Data extraction Feb 1, 2020 · Results: Our meta-analysis included 27 studies, with 603 SSI cases in 22,475 patients. 1016/j. 2%. The pooled incidence of SSI was 14. Preoperative antisepsis with chlorhexidine versus povidone-iodine for the prevention of surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 6%. 23) between 2016–2011 This study aimed to determine the global incidence of UTI among patients. Objective We estimated the incidence of SSI after appendectomy at global and regional levels. Severity of SSI ranges from superficial skin infection to life-threatening conditions such as severe sepsis, and SSIs are responsible for increased morbidity, mortality, and economic burden associated with surgery. Meta-analysis for Diabetes and SSI. 2 Reported SSI incidence rates after gastric surgery vary due to differences in surgical methods, demographic characteristics, and Global incidence of surgical site infection after appendectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Celestin Danwang ,1,2 Jean Joel Bigna ,3 Joel Noutakdie Tochie ,4 Aimé Mbonda,5 Clarence Mvalo Mbanga,6 Rolf Nyah Tuku Nzalie,7 Marc Leroy Guifo,2 Arthur Essomba2 To cite: Danwang C, Bigna JJ, Tochie JN, et al. Our meta-analysis included 27 studies, with 603 SSI cases in 22,475 patients. However, this result was substantially higher than studies conducted in China was 4. Sep 18, 2023 · The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of fascial closure using antimicrobial-sutures specifically for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) in gastrointestinal surgery, as part of the revision of the SSI prevention guidelines of the Japanese Society of Surgical Infectious Diseases (JSSI). 8% to 26% with predominance in general surgery. Highest incidence (13. We found 7031 articles. Jun 2, 2024 · Global antibiotic consumption rates surged by 46%, indicating that the defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 population per day rose from 9. doi: 10. 8 to 14. With millions affected globally, there is significant variation in the primary studies on the prevalence of SSIs in Ethiopia. Most cited risk factors were long procedure length and categories 3 and 4 of Altemeier contamination class. And the prevalence of SSIs remains high and varies widely among regions. The pooled RR of surgical site infection with postoperative continuation of antibiotic prophylaxis versus its immediate discontinuation was 0·89 (95% CI 0·79–1·00), with low heterogeneity in effect size between studies (τ 2 =0·001, χ 2 p=0·46, I 2 =0·7%). Trial registration number Various factors contribute to different types of surgical site infections (SSI) in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery, and the risk factors remain uncer-tain. 9% in 1996 to 2. Universally, its widely approved treatment is appendectomy. 7%. 2021. Surgical site infection (SSI) following CS is a common cause of morbidity with reported rates of 3–15%. Best practices in prevention of these infections are combined in care bundles for consistent implementation. The impact of SSI ranged from 6. Only 2·0-2·5% chlorhexidine in alcohol (relative risk 0·75, 95% CI 0·61-0·92) and 1·5% olanexidine (0·49, 0 May 20, 2020 · Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA version 14 software. OBJECTIVE To determine the independent association between diabetes and surgical site infection (SSI) across multiple surgical procedures. [Google Scholar] Dec 8, 2021 · Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common, yet largely preventable, complication of surgery which can result in increased length of stay and hospital readmission. wneu. @article{BrigidM2021WorldwideIO, title={Worldwide incidence of surgical site infections in general surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Related risk factors in the studies were recorded, and a meta-analysis was performed. 2023 Dec;118 (6):421-424. Jan 27, 2023 · This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to analyze the prevalence of HAIs globally. 17 (95% CI, 0. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to find the pooled prevalence of SSI. pdf Available via license: CC BY-NC 4. Feb 13, 2024 · The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and risk factors in patients after knee surgery. Compared with patients undergoing surgery who do not have a surgical site infection, those with a surgical site infection are hospitalized approximately 7 to 11 This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify and quantify the risk factors associated with SSIs in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery. An additional search was conducted in gray literature using Google Scholar. 3%) and Jun 1, 2023 · DOI: 10. The primary Apr 16, 2024 · Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global threat and AMR-attributable mortality is particularly high in Central, Eastern, Southern and Western Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the worldwide incidence of SSI and identify associated factors in adult May 10, 2024 · Background An increasing number of patients requires extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for life support. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science between 2000 and June 2021. 10. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and cohort studies of care bundles to reduce SSI. 7 In Jun 29, 2016 · The aim of the study is to determine the incidence and bacterial profile that cause surgical site infection among patients who underwent surgery in parts of Northeast Ethiopia. 1002/aorn. In Ethiopia, prevalence and root causes of surgical site infection post-Caesarean section are highly variable. Mar 1, 2024 · Purpose of Review Surgical site infections are healthcare-associated infections that cause significant morbidity and mortality. This result is similar to that of a previous review and meta-analysis in surgical site infection incidence after appendectomy that was 7. In total, 25 risk factors were eligible. 32) between 2011–2015, but it decreased to 0. Jun 29, 2016 · The impact of SSI ranged from 6. Therefore, this study aimed to Nov 27, 2023 · A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Worldwide Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Sep 1, 2023 · To address the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the global epidemiology of post-CS SSIs, the authors undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine global, regional and national incidence rates, potential risk factors and common pathogens associated with post-CS SSIs. The pooled RR of surgical site infection with postoperative continuation of antibiotic prophylaxis versus its immediate discontinuation was 0·89 (95% CI 0·79-1·00), with low heterogeneity in effect size between Aug 1, 2018 · Global prevalence and incidence of surgical site infections after appendectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. May 18, 2020 · Our estimated prevalence of SSIs among post-operative patients in Ethiopia is in line with systematic review and meta-analysis studies done in Nigeria 14. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global and regional incidence of post-CS SSIs and associated factors. All included studies were institutional based cross sectional. Like all surgical procedures, appendectomy can be associated with many complications among which are surgical site infections (SSIs). 0 statistical soft-ware. It is a significant and substantial cause of surgical patient morbidity and mortality later with human and financial costs threat. In this review of 57 studies, the cumulative incidence of SSI was 11% in adult general surgical patients and was associated with increased length of stay (with variation by types of surgery). This systematic review and meta-analysis estimate the overall prevalence of surgical site infection and its root Findings: Overall, 2326 articles were identified, 33 studies were eligible for the systematic review, and 27 studies with 17 735 patients reporting 2144 SSIs (overall incidence of 12·1%) were included in the quantitative analysis. 2, 3. 02. A comprehensive literature search adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and based on the PICO paradigm was conducted across four Feb 10, 2023 · It can also lead to poor wound healing and increase the risk of developing surgical site infections (SSI). jhin. Staphylococcus aureus (S. 5%. Prevalence of and risk factors for surgical site infections after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mar 25, 2023 · The global pooled incidence of SSI was found to be 2. 63% using 180 studies conducted in 58 different countries. 5% and 14. 17 The variation may be attributed to the study A systematic review and meta-analysis were used to sum-marize data on UTI by pooling together the findings of stud-ies reporting the incidence of UTI globally. Based on the subgroup analysis by WHO region and survey period, the incidence of SSI was 2. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global and regional incidence of post-CS SSIs and associated Exposure of the patient to temperatures below 36°C in the perioperative period increased the chances of developing this type of infection. }, author={Maryam Farid-Mojtahedi and Mahdi Sepidarkish and Mustafa Ahmed Apr 25, 2023 · Among healthcare-associated infections, urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections. PMID: 38011065. 0 Content may be subject to Jan 27, 2023 · The findings show that the highest prevalence of nosocomial. 7). 4 per 100 appendectomies, with substantial heterogeneity according to WHO region, country level of income and type of Dec 18, 2013 · Abstract. Materials and methods: A systematic review was undertaken using MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Elsevier) and the Cochrane Library to identify cross-sectional, cohort and Oct 27, 2023 · The systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses method. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. Incidence of surgical site infection following caesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis Mar 25, 2023 · The current study found that the global pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients was 2. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. 7% (95% CI: 2. Mar 25, 2023 · Based on subgroup analysis by survey year, studies conducted between 2014 and 2022 had the lowest pooled incidence of surgical site infections among patients (0. 11–0. While the composition and size of bundles vary, the effect of a bundle depends Feb 1, 2020 · Results. The aim of this study was to provide a pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients on a regional and global scale. The search strategy included database and clinical trials May 1, 2024 · The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the incidence and risk factors of SSI-CRAN among patients with brain tumors. 13 The protocol was registered on the PROSPERO international Jun 1, 2023 · Request PDF | Global Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Following Caesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a health-threatening Apr 24, 2024 · A sub-group analysis of the incidence of surgical site infection among women delivered via cesarean deliveries. 6, 3. Studies with a score of 6 and above were included for final analysis. A comprehensive, systematic search was conducted in different international Feb 1, 2020 · Background Although surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most studied healthcare-associated infections, the global burden of SSI after appendectomy remains unknown. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global and regional incidence of Jun 13, 2013 · Objective: To evaluate studies assessing the effectiveness of a bundle of nasal decolonization and glycopeptide prophylaxis for preventing surgical site infections caused by Gram positive bacteria among patients undergoing cardiac operations or total joint replacement procedures. The prevalence is higher in low-income countries. Findings: We identified 83 relevant RCTs, of which 52 RCTs with 19 273 participants were included in the primary meta-analysis. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as Persian electronic Jan 11, 2017 · A manuscript reporting the results of the systematic review and meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. healthcare providers globally. 05. 0% incidence of SSI 18 and 5. The incidence of surgical site infection decreased from 2. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. 79) indicating those in the Plus Sutures Oct 7, 2021 · Chen S, Chen JW, Guo B, Xu CC. ImportanceApproximately 0. It is necessary to take effective preventive measures and carry out more prospective studies to further verify these results. Importance: Surgical site infection (SSI) complicates 2-5% of surgeries in the United States. Jul 10, 2023 · The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide an overview of the prevalence of surgical wound infection and related factors in patients after long bone surgery. 3 between 2000 and 2018 1. aureus) is a commonly-isolated organism for SSI, and Jul 1, 2020 · A fixed effects meta-analysis of SSI incidence model including all groups of patients estimated a risk ratio of 0. The meta-analysis indicated that the association between perioperative active warming methods compared with others to reduce the chances of developing surgical site infection remains unclear (odds ratio = e Nov 27, 2023 · A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Worldwide Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Jan 1, 2000 · Introduction Acute appendicitis is a surgical emergency and the most frequent aetiology of acute surgical abdominal pain in developed countries. 2024 Mar 1:S1878-8750(24)00346-2. SSI represents a substantial burden to the health system including increased length of hospitalisation and costs of postdischarge care. Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a health-threatening complication following caesarean section (CS); however, to the authors' knowledge, there is no worldwide estimate of the burden of post-CS SSIs. 4% and the incidence of deep SSI was 1. 2, 0. All of the included studies reported the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Worldwide Incidence of Surgical Site Infection. Aug 1, 2019 · Among the top 100 cited articles, the latest article is "Incidence of Surgical Site Infection After Spine Surgery A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis" by Zhou et al. ye fm ic gb bl aw lh oj sa gg