Avulsion fracture foot recovery time
Avulsion fracture foot recovery time. Don't put any weight on your injured ankle. Like all fractures, the treatments you’ll need and your recovery time will depend on the severity of your original injury. Smoking slows down the healing process. Non-displaced fractures are still broken bones, but the pieces weren’t moved far enough to be out of alignment during the break. Medial malleolus is a part of ankle joint and ankle fracture is common with incidence of 174 cases per 100,000 adults per year. This makes healing difficult. However, a person may still experience pain and swelling for 3–6 months. Ankle fractures in children range from very mild to complex. Most foot fractures can be seen on X-rays. Try to walk as normally as possible as this will help with your recovery. The failure of bone most commonly results from an acute event with the application of usually sudden, tensile force to the bone through the soft tissue, or when chronic Because the injury is likely the result of a twisting movement, avulsion fracture ankle pain may present similar to an ankle sprain. Generally, a fractured finger occurs as the result of an injury to the hand. Symptoms are generally the same regardless of fracture type. 5–7 Ankle fracture incidence is about 4. The major muscle that controls lateral foot balance, the peroneus brevis, also attaches at the base of the 5 th metatarsal and can be a source of increasing pain if not allowed to rest. Difficulty walking. Zone 1 fractures are avulsion or chip fractures that occur at the tip of the base of the fifth metatarsal. It lies at the back of the foot (hindfoot) below the three bones that make up the ankle joint. A common type of break in the part of your fifth metatarsal bone closest to the ankle is called a Jones fracture. In fact, they both refer to breaks of the same bone, your fifth metatarsal — the bone that joins your pinkie toe to the rest of your foot. Repeat this 10 times. Specialist) and Fracture Care Extended Scope Physiotherapist. Jul 11, 2018 · According to the Cleveland Clinic, the average bone healing time is between 6 – 8 weeks, although it can vary depending on the type and site of the injury. Point your foot up and down within a comfortable range of motion. At first, the patient may think they have sprained their ankle with symptoms of immediate pain and swelling. com Foot and Ankle Knowledge Base. The callus is Nov 7, 2023 · summary. In most instances, this type of fracture can be treated non Do these exercises 3-4 times a day. The ankle joint is made up of three bones: the tibia (the larger leg bone toward the inside), the fibula (the smaller leg bone on the outside), and a bone toward the back of the foot called the talus. Rather, the “fracture” is a Repeat these ten times each: 1. Dec 12, 2016 · Neck and shaft fractures with greater than ten degrees plantar angulation or three millimeters of displacement in any plane where closed reduction is insufficient require operative management. Sep 10, 2022 · Fifth metatarsal fractures occur on an outer bone of the foot. Treatment involves immobilization or surgical fixation depending on location, severity and alignment of injury. The main treatments for an ankle avulsion An avulsion fracture occurs when a bone fragment is pulled away from its main bone by soft tissue such as ligaments or tendons attached to it. The fracture happens when the tendon or ligament pulls away, and a small piece of bone pulls away with it. Activity level. It generally takes bones 6-8 weeks to heal. Injuries to the talus can have a significant effect on the motion of your ankle and foot joints and limit your ability to walk and bear weight. Stress fracture. 9 Bimodal distribution of Fifth metatarsal avulsion fractures are among the most common fractures seen by foot and ankle surgeons. Point your foot up and down. Operative intervention is recommended for base of the fifth metatarsal avulsion fractures (zone one) with more than three millimeters of displacement. This means the peroneus brevis tendon Jan 13, 2021 · Sesamoid fractures - learn about the symptoms and treatment options - part of the Myfootshop. bruising. This is because it takes 6-8 weeks for bone fractures to heal. Typically, these fractures present with marked displacement of the entire proximal apophysis, with or Try to rest the foot for the first 24-72 hours to allow the early stage of healing to begin. If you have any questions or concerns please contact one of the following: Sep 26, 2022 · What is a base of the 5 th metatarsal fracture? This is a break to the bone on the outside of the foot. May 3, 2023 · Following your virtual fracture clinic review you have been diagnosed with a minor foot injury. Most people need to wear a cast or boot for six to 12 weeks, and it can take a year or more to return to intense exercise like running. This leaflet explains the ongoing management of your injury. These three bones are the: Tibia — shinbone. 7%, usually seen in adolescent males approaching skeletal maturity [ 1 – 7] with well developed quadriceps musculature. As time progresses from the initial injury, the patella retracts proximally and makes reapproximating the tendon difficult . The location of the symptoms may indicate where the fracture has occurred and which type of 5th metatarsal fracture you have. Lightly wrap the injury in a soft bandage that provides slight compression. The base of the fifth metatarsal bone can be fractured when the foot is forcefully turned inwards while putting weight through the leg. You have an accident while working with a power saw, drill, or other tools. A fractured foot can be caused by trauma from a sports injury, fall, or other accident. ANKLE RANGE OF MOTION EXERCISES Repeat each exercise 10 times, 3 times a day. This injury will take around 6-12 weeks to heal. This is called a "stress fracture. Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of this injury, and how long it takes to heal. Treatment can include protected weight bearing, immobilization or surgery depending on Avulsion fractures are most common around the hip or pelvis but can also occur in the ankle, foot, finger, elbow, or knee. The way in which the bone breaks defines A twisting injury to the ankle and foot may cause a long oblique fracture of the 5th metatarsal shaft — the bone that attaches the little toe to the midfoot (Figure 1). 2. As a result is it likely that you have sustained an injury to the soft tissues in your foot. The fifth metatarsal is the bone that runs from the midfoot to the base of the small toe on the outside of the foot. Phalanx Fractures are common hand injuries that involve the proximal, middle or distal phalanx. Specifically, we compared healing time, displacement Apr 30, 2024 · Avulsion fracture, such as tibial avulsion fracture; Avulsion fracture of a metatarsal (toe bone) Ring avulsion injury from a wedding band; Tendon avulsion, such as triceps tendon avulsion; Muscle avulsion, such as proximal adductor avulsion; Eye injury, such as choroidal (a layer in the back of the eye) avulsion A: An avulsion fracture – or chip fracture – occurs when a muscular contraction causes a ligament or tendon to tear away part of the bone, resulting in a bone chip. Apr 4, 2017 · avulsion fracture, a Recovery time depends on factors such as: You should feel a gentle stretch at the top of your foot and the ankle. 5th metatarsal fracture symptoms are often noticeable on the outside of the foot and include: Pain. Jan 8, 2024 · Bruising and swelling are common symptoms, and you may have difficulty bearing weight or walking on that foot. Jones fractures and avulsion fractures are different types of bone fractures in your feet. 3 Cuboid fractures in isolation represent a This includes the development of chronic pain, arthritis, or even bone collapse. This can take approximately 6 weeks to heal, although pain and swelling can be ongoing for 3 to 6 months. On occasions, an avulsion fracture may be reported but a ligament pulling away a small piece of bone as it is stretched usually causes this. You might need surgery. Pelvic apophyseal avulsion fractures that are displaced more 30mm are at a higher risk of non-union and warrant a An avulsion fracture is caused by tension on the bifurcate ligament during forceful inversion and plantar flexion of the foot. Bruising. Jan 26, 2017 · Toe phalangeal fractures are common, comprising 3. The medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform bones (sometimes referred to as the first, second, and third cuneiforms, respectively) serve as stabilizing structures within the medial column of the foot. Toe and forefoot fractures often result from trauma or direct injury to the bone. Most fractures of the hallux occur at the distal phalanx and are most commonly a result of a direct crushing type of injury. However, pain and swelling in your foot may continue for three to six months. The foot should then be elevated above the heart level and ice should be applied for at least 20 Aug 12, 2013 · Simple calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture can often be treated conservatively, which consists of fixation in a non‐weight‐bearing position for 3–4 weeks using a plaster splint in an equinus position, followed by maintenance with plaster cast or progressive weight‐bearing in padded shoes for 3–4 weeks. The literature addresses a heterogeneous population including low-energy and high-energy trauma together, with a poor level of evidence. Depending on your injury, recovery time for a fractured foot can vary from six weeks to six months. Fractures of the thumb metacarpal can also occur Feb 15, 2024 · Ankle fractures account for 9. Background. However, healing time differs based on individual factors like: Location of your stress fracture. Healing. We treat the swelling, bruising and pain with rest, elevation, and intermittent icing for the first 24-48 hours and can give Dec 27, 2021 · Jones fracture vs. Cause. The typical cause of injury is an inversion of the foot, generating tension along with the plantar aponeurosis insertion. Avulsion fracture symptoms may include: cracking or popping sound or sensation. Stress fractures often don't show up on X-rays until the break starts healing. Nov 8, 2023 · According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, it takes most stress fractures about six to eight weeks to heal. Feb 2, 2023 · An avulsion fracture could occur at the talus—the tough bone that makes up the part of the ankle where the shin bone and fibula (the long bone on the outside of your lower leg) meet the foot. If left untreated, it can lead to deformity, nonunion, malunion, pain, and disability. These breaks commonly happen from falls from a high height or from a motor vehicle accident. These fractures typically are treated without surgery using a cast, boot, or hard-soled shoe and tend to heal within 6-8 weeks. Because there are so many bony parts and ligaments, sometimes only 1 or 2 parts are injured Avulsion fractures are often overlooked when they occur with an ankle sprain. This is when a substance called collagen moves in and slowly replaces the blood clot. closed fractures A healthcare provider will classify your fracture as either open or closed. The most frequently seen chip fractures include ankle avulsion fractures Avulsion Fracture. Oct 13, 2022 · A Weber A fracture is a common injury which simply refers to a fracture near the end of the fibula bone at the ankle. Bone scan. Displaced fractures are much more likely to require surgery to repair. 1. Most commonly they are seen as isolated avulsion fractures, less frequently are combined with other midfoot fractures, dislocations or are associated with Lisfranc joint injuries. The treatment for an avulsion fracture varies based on which bone you’ve fractured. Avulsion Fracture. In general, impaction fractures tend to be larger than avulsion fractures. Many nondisplaced fractures in these regions require a walking cast or a wrap. Open fractures usually take longer to heal and have an increased risk of infections and other complications. A Rolando fracture is similar to a Bennett fracture, except that instead of a clean break, the bone is shattered into several pieces. i would like to know when i will heal. The first couple of weeks would involve an ankle splint and elevation of the foot for around 90% of the day. You can fracture a finger when: You slam your fingers in a door. However, the healing of this fracture can take longer than in other areas and can take five months to heal. The base of the fifth metatarsal is divided into three fracture zones. When X-rays show ample healing, you can start weight-bearing exercises under medical supervision. Treatment for a talus fracture must begin immediately. This 5th metatarsal shaft fracture is sometimes called a “Dancer’s Feb 27, 2020 · Ankle Avulsion Fracture. Navigating the challenges of foot avulsion fractures requires specialized care. Your talus is the main connection between your foot and your leg. The way in which the bone breaks defines Mar 27, 2024 · Anti-inflammatory medication: to reduce swelling and pain from this broken bone. Often an avulsion fracture occurs when there is a sudden forceful pull on a tendon while the bone is moving in the opposite direction. Mar 26, 2024 · The recovery time for an avulsion fracture can be anywhere from 3 to 12 weeks. They can occur when you walk, run or exercise without resting enough and wearing proper shoes. Your finger jams while trying to catch a ball. These fractures can occur in many different situations, but most commonly occur in high-energy trauma situations such as car crashes or falls from Mar 26, 2022 · Apply ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, every three to four hours to bring down the swelling. Often when the foot is twisted, a forceful contraction of Oct 19, 2021 · A talus fracture is a broken bone in your ankle. Dec 27, 2021 · Lisfranc Fracture. Keep your ankle elevated. This area of the bone has low blood flow. Ligaments attach bones to other bones. You should: Nov 16, 2022 · The cuboid acts as a static supporting structure within the lateral column of the foot. 3% of all fractures and are the 4 th most common fracture in the elderly. Ice pack: Icing the injured foot for 15- 20 minutes, several times per day. A Jones fracture will usually take about 6 weeks to heal. You can use pillows or a stool to keep your foot up when sitting. 1,2 From these, half involve the cuboid. Over the next 4-21 days, you get a soft callus around the broken bone. The bone isn’t actually broken. Smoking advice . Calcaneal avulsion fractures are relatively uncommon fractures that occur when the strong Achilles tendon pulls a fragment of bone off the heel bone (calcaneus) at the point where the tendon attaches . Epidemiology. You can find a comfortable cast boot on Amazon. It is also possible to have pain and tendons and nerves outside the ankle from pressure against the outside of the shoe. We offer foot-ankle treatment s and guide you through the recovery Feb 2, 2019 · A type 1 fracture is the most common type of avulsion fracture involving the capsule of the calcaneocuboid joint. A talus fracture can cause significant loss of function in your ankle. A boot may be provided to help you walk in the early stages of your recovery. Bruising may develop later and the athlete will most likely have difficulty moving the A talus fracture is a broken bone in your ankle. Ankle fractures occur in people of all ages and are among the most common injuries treated by an orthopaedic surgeon. The talus is one of the major bones that form the ankle joint and serves as an important link between the leg and foot. Early movement and exercise Early movement of the ankle and foot is important to promote Dec 25, 2017 · Foot and Toe. Jan 5, 2024 · Smoking Medical evidence suggests that smoking prolongs fracture healing time. Learn which types (head or neck, dancer's, Jones, or avulsion) require surgery or don't. Swelling and bruising. A Lisfranc fracture is a type of broken foot. Apr 18, 2024 · A broken foot, or foot fracture, can affect any of the 26 bones in each foot. The calcaneus is the most commonly broken bone in the foot. An avulsion fracture on the fifth metatarsal bone is sometimes A Bennett fracture is a fracture at the base of the thumb metacarpal involving the CMC joint, resulting in a clean break with a sizeable piece of bone broken off. and gradually increase the amount during your recovery. X-rays. You put out your hand to break a fall. Oct 3, 2022 · Symptoms of an ankle avulsion fracture are very similar to an ankle sprain. Fractures can also develop after repetitive activity, rather than a single injury. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO RECOVER? This type of fracture usually heals within six weeks and does not require surgery. A broken ankle, also called an ankle fracture, is a common childhood injury. Signs of a fracture include immediate bruising, pain and inability to put pressure on your foot. Studies have centered around classification systems, but debate continues regarding surgical versus conservative treatment modalities. Nov 8, 2020 · An avulsion fracture is a failure of bone in which a bone fragment is pulled away from its main body by soft tissue that is attached to it. Feb 4, 2021 · Calcaneus fractures occur when a force that is stronger than the calcaneus itself is applied to the bone. limping or inability to walk. A Jones fracture can be either a stress fracture (a tiny hairline break that occurs over time) or an acute Introduction. Medical evidence suggests that smoking prolongs fracture healing time. People usually stop feeling pain long Mar 1, 2024 · To diagnose a broken foot, your healthcare professional might order one or more of these imaging tests. In addition, repetitive stress and overuse can cause stress fractures. Open vs. Jones fractures occur in a small area of the fifth metatarsal that receives less blood and is therefore more prone to difficulties in healing. Turn your foot inwards so that your toes are pointing towards the other foot, then outwards so that your toes are pointing away from your Sep 25, 2008 · Avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle is a relatively uncommon injury, with a reported incidence ranging from 0. The bone connecting to the fifth toe is called the fifth metatarsal. Difficulty moving the ankle joint. Keep your leg straight as you hold this position for Dec 25, 2017 · Foot and Toe. May 5, 2022 · A displaced fracture means the pieces of your bone moved so much that a gap formed around the fracture when your bone broke. Jones fracture. 5th Metatarsal Base Fractures are among the most common fractures of the foot and are predisposed to poor healing due to the limited blood supply to the specific areas of the 5th metatarsal base. Avulsion fractures are diagnosed by x-ray or CT scan, after a physical examination by a physician. You should: Jun 24, 2022 · Symptoms depend on where the injury occurred and the severity of the injury. These are tiny cracks in your foot bones that get bigger over time. It is a stable injury and most commonly occurs when the sole of your foot turns inwards, overstretching the ligaments on the outside of your ankle and squeezing those on the inside. Treatment may include casting or wearing a non-weight-bearing boot. You can also get a fracture from repetitive forces and pressure from weight A 5th metatarsal avulsion fracture causes localized pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. An avulsion fracture of the fifth metatarsal occurs where a tendon attaches to the bone at Description. Keep your leg straight as you hold this position for A calcaneal (heel) fracture is a break of the heel bone of your foot. Swelling is often worse at the end of the day and Because the injury is likely the result of a twisting movement, avulsion fracture ankle pain may present similar to an ankle sprain. The present study focused on quantifying the time for healing fifth metatarsal base avulsion fractures. Fractures that involve the midfoot are rare and have an annual incidence of approximately 3. Ankle fractures most often occur from a simple twist and fall, as can happen on a wet floor, a grassy hill, on stairs, or off a curb. While cuboid and cuneiform fractures are uncommon The calcaneus is the largest of the tarsal bones in the foot. Feb 13, 2023 · Bone Repair: Step 2. An avulsion fracture on the fifth metatarsal bone is sometimes An avulsion fracture is an injury to the bone which occurs near where the bone attaches to a tendon or ligament. After that, you can replace the splint with a removable boot. Jun 27, 2019 · Medial malleolus is a part of ankle joint and lower end of the lower leg bone known as tibia. 3. This fracture involves a break in one or more of the bones that make up the ankle: the tibia (shinbone), fibula (outside ankle bone), and talus (small bone in the back part of the foot). Early weight bearing (putting weight through your injured foot) helps increase the speed of healing. In extreme cases it can stop healing altogether. Oct 27, 2022 · Causes. [4] In both types of injuries, common symptoms include: Strong, sudden ankle pain. A bone scan can find breaks that don't show up on X-rays. Diagnosis is made with plain radiographs of the foot. The peroneal tendons can also be causing pain. Dec 22, 2021 · An avulsion fracture occurs when a tendon or ligament pulls a piece of bone off. 4% to 2. During this injury, the 5th metatarsal is twisted by a strong force resulting in a spiral fracture. The peroneal tendon attaches to the base of this bone. These three bones allow for upward and downward motion of the ankle. Bone fractures happen when the bones in your body are put under more pressure than they can handle. Lie down and raise your ankle above the level of your hips to reduce swelling. Often, a person will wear a boot or cast and Feb 21, 2009 · Unregistered Guest. Avulsion fractures can occur in any area where soft tissue is attached to bone. With your heels together, move your toes apart to turn the foot outwards. Treatment for an ankle avulsion fracture. An avulsion fracture occurs when a tendon pulls a piece of bone away from the rest of the bone. Tenderness. Treatment usually requires surgery, and the recovery process can take months. " Fractures may either be: Non-displaced, where the bone is cracked but the ends of the bone are together. Our team of experienced board-certified podiatrists are committed to providing comprehensive solutions tailored to your unique needs. A technician injects a small amount of Immobilization to allow the fracture to heal followed by therapy to regain strength and balance is need to ensure an optimal recovery. It is possible to develop a stress fracture or “Jones” fracture . Most avulsion fractures do not require surgery and can heal by being immobilized in a splint or Air cast for 6-12 weeks. If you have an open fracture, your bone breaks through your skin. Swelling. This can occur on any part of the body, but most commonly happens on areas of the body with joints. experiencing difficulty moving the limb. Type 2 includes stable isolated extra-articular injuries of the fracture that do not require surgical treatment because the length of the foot lateral column is maintained, and there is no intra-articular involvement. It depends on which bone is broken, whether you had to have surgery, and things such as your age and Apr 13, 2017 · Treatment. Aug 31, 2022 · If your cuboid bone is non-displaced (broken but in proper alignment), your doctor will suggest that you stay non-weight bearing in a below knee cast or cast boot to the affected foot for 6 weeks minimum. The tendons are tough fibers that connect your muscles to bones. Medial malleolus bone is easily felt with hands on the inner side of the ankle. Sep 25, 2008 · Avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle is a relatively uncommon injury, with a reported incidence ranging from 0. Stress fractures are especially common in athletes that participate in high-impact sports like: Football Jun 17, 2022 · A talus fracture can cause swelling and pain. avulsion fracture. Ive had a cast on for 7weeks and its 65% healed i went in and was added a further two more weeks. With your heels together, move your toes apart, as shown in the picture. A bone fracture is a broken bone. Point your foot up and down within a comfortable range of movement. An ankle avulsion fracture is not really a fracture in the sense you would normally imagine. Talus fractures are most often seen Aug 23, 2023 · If ORIF is needed, the fracture will usually heal within four to six weeks. Make circles with your foot in one direction and then change direction. Typically, these fractures present with marked displacement of the entire proximal apophysis, with or Apr 4, 2017 · avulsion fracture, a Recovery time depends on factors such as: You should feel a gentle stretch at the top of your foot and the ankle. It is very difficult to tell the difference without an X-ray or MRI scan. The purpose of this review was to identify and describe the epidemiology and available treatment options for common avulsion fractures of the upper and lower extremities. 6–8% of injuries to the lower extremity [ 26, 27 ]. You may walk on the foot as Diagnosis. Jul 11, 2023 · In the case of patellar tendon ruptures, primary repair in the acute phase is the most advantageous for proper repair and healing. Talus—small foot bone that works as a hinge between the tibia and the fibula. Jones fractures are caused by sudden force on the outside of the foot which can occur with repetitive overuse, playing sports, dancing, or a slip-and-fall accident. For example when twisting foot down a kerb or hole in the grass. You have sustained an avulsion fracture to your ankle, which is treated like a soft tissue injury (sprain) to your ankle. Healing: It normally takes 6 weeks for this injury to heal. Diagnosis can be confirmed with orthogonal radiographs of the involve digit. Mechanism of injury varies from forced inversion and plantar flexion in dorsal avulsion fractures to distinct “nutcracker” compression forces depending on the pattern of fracture. Do this movement gently within comfort. Stopping smoking during the healing phase of a fracture will help ensure optimal recovery from this injury. Nov 1, 2018 · Avulsion fractures compromise function and movement at the affected joint. Both tendons and bones pull and push on your bones when you move. Among children, 5–13% of fractures occur in the foot and, of these, fractures of the toes are the most common. Avulsion fractures occur most frequently in female athletes between the of ages 13 and 14 and in male athletes between the ages of 15 and 17. In fact, this fracture constitutes the most common avulsion fracture affecting the calcaneus [ 26 ]. Avulsion fracture. You have sustained an avulsion fracture to your foot, which is treated like a soft tissue injury (sprain) to your foot. The vast majority of pelvic avulsion injuries will heal without surgical treatment, but the patient will need to follow a gradual recovery program overseen by a physiotherapist or Sports Medicine Physician as outlined below. Pain & swelling: Take pain killers as prescribed. Fibula—smaller bone in the lower leg. 8 The incidence in the adult population is dependent upon multiple factors, including age, sex, specific sport, and competitive level in athletics. swelling in the affected area. Feb 8, 2023 · Recovery. A simple misstep or twisting injury can cause bone fractures. 6/100,000 fractures. A well-padded splint should be applied around the back of the foot and leg from the toe to the upper calf. With a nondisplaced fracture of the foot bone or a nondisplaced fracture of the toe bone, there may be swelling and severe pain, especially upon impact. Talus fractures usually occur due to high-impact injuries such as car accidents. 22/10,000 person-years. As this varies among cases, so does the healing process. Avulsion fractures account for 5 to 6% of all fractures in primary settings, a yearly incidence of approximately 67 in 100,000 accounts for fifth metatarsal fracture. Recovery time from an avulsion fracture can range from several weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the injury, the location of the injury, and how promptly Apr 29, 2022 · An avulsion fracture of the fifth metatarsal, also called a "pseudo-Jones fracture," is the most common type of fifth metatarsal fracture. Start straight away, you do not need to push into pain. [1][2] Avulsion fractures can occur in any area where soft tissue is attached to bone. An example is an injury to the fifth metatarsal, the bone on the outside of the midfoot. Therefore, there have been many strategies to reconstruct the patella to restore the Jan 9, 2023 · Compound fracture. experiencing muscle pain. Ankle Avulsion Fractures Need Immediate Attention Foot Doctors in Brookfield, WI Explain Ankle Avulsion Fracture Symptoms, Treatment and Recovery Time Ankle Avulsion Fracture: Summary. Calcaneus fractures are rare, although they are the most commonly fractured tarsal bone. Dec 20, 2023 · SUMMARY. I have avulsion like fracture of the navicular of my right foot. The differences between Jones and avulsion fractures are small, but important. Funny thing is i feel no pain apart from a dull ache like for a minute per day. uk yu mk sp ng fi xv zj qb be